87
Paper Reference(s)
1535/04 1536/04 1529/04 1539/04 1549/04
Edexcel GCSE
GCSE Science BSpecimen PaperMaterials required for examinationItems included with question papers
None None
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes on each of the answer books, write your centrenumber, candidate number, surname and
initials, the paper reference and your signature. If more thanone paper reference is shown, you should
write the one for which you have been entered.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided in the answerbooks.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
Candidates entered for 1535 Science: Single Award B have threeanswer books to complete, for Paper
4B, Paper 4C and Paper 4P. They each should be completed in 30minutes, giving a total examination
time of 1 hour 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1536 Science: Double Award B have threeanswer books to complete, for Paper
4B, Paper 4C and Paper 4P. They each should be completed in 30minutes, giving a total examination
time of 1 hour 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1529 Biology B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 4B. It should be
completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1539 Chemistry B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 4C. It should be
completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1549 Physics B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 4P. It should be
completed in 30 minutes
Thus candidates entered for a single separate science will have30 minutes of examining time, for two
separate sciences, 1 hour, and for all three separate sciences,1 hour 30 minutes.
Turn overPrinter’s Log No.
N230900 This publication may only be reproduced in accordancewith Edexcel copyright policy.Edexcel Foundation is a registeredcharity. © 2000 Edexcel
88
89
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’suse only1535/4B 1536/4B 1529/4BFor Team
Leader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
5
6
Science: Single Award B
[1535]Paper 4B
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 4B
Biology B
[1529]Paper 4B
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown
below the boxes. If more than one paper reference is shown, youshould write the one for which you
have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 6 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used. Turn over
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 90
Leave
blank1. The diagram shows the human digestive system.
(a) (i) The digestion of starch begins in the mouth.
Name the enzyme that digests starch.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) In which organ does the digestion of protein begin?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
N230900 [Turn over91
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blank
(b) Digested food is absorbed into the blood through the villi.The diagram shows a section
through a villus.
Describe TWO features of villi that help the absorption ofdigested food.
1...........................................................................................................................................
2...........................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) People can get food poisoning from eating food containingharmful bacteria.
One effect of food poisoning is diarrhoea. This means that onlya little water is
absorbed from the digestive system into the blood.
(i) On the diagram of the digestive system opposite, shade inthe organ where most
water is usually absorbed into the blood.
(1)
(ii) Explain why body temperature may rise if diarrhoea lastsfor a few days.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
blood capillaries
wall of villus
vein taking blood to liver
artery bringing blood from heart
N230900 92
Leave
blank2. Scientists can now use body cells from an adult sheep toproduce genetically identical
copies of the adult. The copies are called clones.
The diagram shows some stages in this process.
(a) What type of reproduction produces clones?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Why must the body cells be protected from ultraviolet lightand X-rays?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) In early experiments, many of the embryos died.
Suggest why this happened.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d) The scientists did not publish the details of their earlyexperiments.
Suggest why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
adult sheepbody cells taken
from adultbody cells divide
to produce embryosembryos develop
into clones
Ideas
N230900 [Turn over93
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blank
(e) After the successful production of clones, the scientistspublished the details of their
methods. Scientists in other laboratories could then repeat thework.
Explain why it is important that scientists in otherlaboratories could repeat the cloning
experiments.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
3. Dan measured the volume of urine he produced during themorning on two different days.
His water intake was the same on both days. He did the sameamount of exercise on both
days. One day was hot, the other was cold.
His results are shown in the table.
Conditions
Hot day Cold day
Average volume of urine produced per hour (cm3/h) 20 60
Explain how the volume of urine produced is affected by thehormone ADH.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
(Total 3 marks)
N230900 94
Leave
blank4. (a) The diagram shows part of a reflex arc.
Describe the sequence of events that takes place followingstimulation of the
receptor.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(b) Heroin is an addictive drug.
Explain what is meant by addiction.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
effectormuscle
receptor
N230900 [Turn over95
Leave
blank5. The diagram shows two fruit flies (Drosophila). One hasnormal wings, the other has short
wings.
A normal-winged fruit fly was crossed with a short-winged fruitfly. The offspring
they produced are shown.
Wing length is inherited. The allele for normal wings (N) isdominant to the allele for
short wings (n).
Fill in the spaces to show how a fruit fly with normal wings anda fruit fly with short
wings can be crossed to produce the offspring shown.
(Total 4 marks)
normal wings short wings
(a) Phenotype of parents:
(b) Genotype of parents:
(c) Gametes:
(d) Possible genotypes of offspring:
N230900 96
Leave
blank6. Vehicle exhaust gases contain harmful substances.
Air pollution produced by vehicles is a problem in towns.
Suggest what could be done to reduce air pollution produced byvehicles in towns.
You should make clear the scientific principles involved.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
END
97
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’s
use only1535/4C 1536/4C 1539/4CFor Team
Leader’s useonlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
5
Science: Single Award B
[1535]Paper 4C
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 4C
Chemistry B
[1539]Paper 4C
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900Materials required for the examinationItems included with these question papers
None None
Total
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown
below the boxes. If more than one paper reference is shown, youshould write the one for which you
have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 5 questions. There is 1 blank page.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used. Turn over
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900
98
Li
Na
Be
Mg
K Ca
Rb
Cs
Fr
Sr
Ba
Ra
Sc Ti
Y Zr
La
Ac
Hf
V
Nb
Ta W
Mo
Cr Mn Fe Co
Tc
Re Os
RhRu
Ir
Ni Cu Zn
Pd Ag Cd
Pt Au Hg
B C N O F Ne
Al Si P S Cl Ar
Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
HHydrogen
1
1
3
7
Lithium
4
11 12
19 20
23 24
9
39 40
21 22 23 24 25 26
45 51 5248 55
Berylium
Sodium Magnesium
Potassium ScandiumCalcium Titanium Vanadium Chromium
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium MolybdenumNiobiumTechnetium
IronManganese
Caesium
Francium
Barium
Radium
Lanthanum
Actinium
Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium
Ruthenium
Osmium
Rhodium
Iridium
Cobalt Nickel Copper
SilverPalladium
Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium
Cadmium
Zinc
Boron Carbon
Aluminium
Gallium
Indium
Lead
Tin Antimony
Bismuth
Silicon Phosphorus
Arsenic
Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine
ChlorineSulfur
SeleniumGermanium Bromine
Argon
Neon
Krypton
Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Polonium Astatine Radon
5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 14 16 19 20
13 14 15 16 17 18
27 28 31 32 35.5 40
31 32 33 34 35 36
70 73 75 79 80 84
49 50 51 52 53 54
115 119 122 128 127 131
81 82 83 84 85 86
204 207 209 210 210 222
37 38 39 40 41 42 43
55 56 57 7472 73 75
87 88 89
85 88 89 91 93 96 99
133 137 139 178 181 184 186
See AlsoRapid fermentation testing of anaerobic bacteria. - PDF Download FreeSimtronics Corp. on LinkedIn: SPM-4000 Biomass Fermentation The Biomass Fermentation process converts a…223 226 227
27 28 29 30
44 45 46 47 48
76 77 78 79 80
56 59 59 63.5 65.4
101 103 106 108 112
190 192 195 197 201
HeHelium
2
4
Relative atomic mass
Symbol
Name
Atomic number
Key
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0Group
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
THE PERIODIC TABLE
N230900 [Turn over99
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blank
1. Alan and Mo investigated fermentation. The word equation forfermentation is:
sugar ethanol + carbon dioxide
They carried out the experiment at different temperatures usingthe same amounts of
sugar and yeast. They used their results to draw this graph.
(a) At first, readings were taken at 20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 50°C. Alan and Mo then took
two extra readings at 36 °C and 45 °C.
Suggest why it was important to take these extra readings.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Why did the reaction slow down at temperatures above 40°C?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 3 marks)
yeast
10
20
30
40
50
60
20 30 40 50
Temperature in Co
Number ofbubbles inone minute
N230900 100
Leave
blank
2. (a) Natural gas is used as a fuel for heating and cooking.Natural gas contains the
hydrocarbon methane.
(i) Write the balanced equation for the burning of methane inair.
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) What is a hydrocarbon?
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) In the early 1700’s, scientists used the phlogiston theoryto explain what happened when
a substance burned.
This theory states that every substance is made of ash andphlogiston.
When a substance burns, the phlogiston escapes and the ash isleft behind.
Lavoisier was a French scientist. He found that some substancesbecame heavier
when they burned.
(i) Explain how the work of Lavoisier showed that the phlogistontheory was wrong.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Use your knowledge of burning to explain the results ofLavoisier’s experiments.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Ideas
N230900 [Turn over101
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blank
3. Cracking is an important chemical process.
An example of a cracking reaction is shown in the equationbelow.
C10H22 2C2H4 + C6H14decane ethene hexane
(a) Explain what is meant by cracking.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
What is meant by unsaturated?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) Explain how plastics are formed from unsaturatedhydrocarbons.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
N230900 102
Leave
blank
4. (a) When chlorine is bubbled into potassium bromide solution,the solution turns
red-brown.
Explain this observation and give the reason why this reactiontakes place.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(b) When moist universal indicator paper is placed in chlorine,the paper turns white.
Why does the paper turn white?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) The halogens have similar chemical properties.
Explain this by reference to their electronic structures.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(d) Chlorine reacts with iron.
Write the balanced equation for this reaction.
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 9 marks)
chlorine
potassium bromide solution
N230900 [Turn over103
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blank
4. When magnesium ribbon reacts with hydrochloric acid, itproduces hydrogen.
John used this apparatus to investigate the reaction.
He carried out his experiment at two different temperatures. Hisresults are shown on the
graph.
State what the graphs show about the rates of reaction andexplain your answer in
terms of the behaviour of the particles.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
END
gas syringe
magnesium
excess hydrochloric acid
rubber tubing
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
10
20
30
40
Time in minutes
Volume
cm3
Temperature
40 CO
Temperature
30 CO
104
105
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’suse only1535/4P 1536/4P 1549/4PFor Team
Leader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
5
Science: Single Award B
[1535]Paper 4P
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 4P
Physics B
[1549]Paper 4P
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown
below the boxes. If more than one paper reference is shown, youshould write the one for which
you have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 5 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used. Turn overN230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 106
Leave
blank1. The current in a wire was measured at differentvoltages.
The table shows the results.
Current in amperes (A) 0.20 0.35 0.55 0.70 0.85
Voltage in volts (V) 0.8 1.4 2.2 2.8 3.4
(a) Use the data to draw a graph of current against voltage.
(3)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 1 2 3 4
Current in A
Voltage in V
N230900 [Turn over107
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blank
(b) Describe how the current in the wire changes when thevoltage is increased.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) Calculate the resistance of the wire when the current is 0.6A.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 8 marks)
N230900 108
Leave
blank2 (a) Carbon-14 ( C14
6 ) is a radioactive isotope of carbon.
Describe the difference between an atom of carbon-14 and an atomof carbon-12 ( C126 )
in terms of the particles involved.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Radon gas is emitted from granite and can collect inbuildings.
It decays by emitting alpha particles.
Explain whether the presence of radon gas in buildings is ahealth hazard.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
N230900 [Turn over109
Leave
blank3. In 1609 Galileo was one of the first scientists to use atelescope. He used it to look at the
planet Jupiter. The diagrams show what he observed.
The small object close to Jupiter had not been seen before. Itwas later named Io.
(a) Suggest a conclusion that Galileo could draw from hisobservations.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Explain how Galileo’s observations went against the beliefthat all heavenly bodies
revolve around the Earth.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c) Galileo published his findings in a book called The StarryMessenger.
Why did Galileo publish his findings?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Ideas
N230900 110
Leave
blank4. (a) Infra-red and radio waves are two of the waves thatmake up the electromagnetic
spectrum.
Describe one similarity and one difference between infra-red andradio waves.
Similarity.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Difference............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) The diagram shows how a satellite is used in thetransmission of radio waves to
different parts of the world.
(i) Explain why a satellite is needed to transmit the waves fromT to R.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
R
T
N230900 [Turn over111
Leave
blank
(ii) Modern satellite transmissions use digital signals ratherthan analogue signals.
Describe the difference between a digital signal and an analoguesignal.
A diagram could help to make your answer clear.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
N230900 112
Leave
blank5. (a) Electricity is transmitted by the national gridusing a combination of overhead and
underground cables. Explain ONE advantage of each method oftransmission.
Overhead transmission
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Underground transmission
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Most of the electricity in the United Kingdom is generatedfrom non-renewable sources.
Some electricity is generated from moving water. Wind turbinesalso contribute to the
electricity supply.
Explain why these renewable sources can not provide all of theelectricity needed in the
United Kingdom.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
113
Paper Reference(s)
1536/05 1529/05 1539/05 1549/05
Edexcel GCSEScience B
GCSESpecimen paperMaterials required for examination Itemsincluded with question papers
None None
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes on each of the answer books, write your centrenumber, candidate number, surname and
initials, the paper reference and your signature. If more thanone paper reference is shown, you should
write the one for which you have been entered.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided in the answerbooks.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
Candidates entered for 1536 Science: Double Award B have threeanswer books to complete, for Paper 5B,
Paper 5C and Paper 5P. They each should be completed in 30minutes, giving a total examination time of
1 hour 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1529 Biology B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 5B. It should be
completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1539 Chemistry B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 5C. It should be
completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1549 Physics B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 5P. It should be
completed in 30 minutes
Thus candidates entered for a single separate science will have30 minutes of examining time, for two
separate sciences, 1 hour, and for all three separate sciences,1 hour 30 minutes.
Turn overPrinter’s Log No.
N230900 This publication may only be reproduced in accordancewith Edexcel copyright policy.Edexcel Foundation is a registeredcharity. © 2000 Edexcel
114
115
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’suse only1536/5B 1529/5BFor Team
Leader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
5
6
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 5B
Biology B
[1529]Paper 5B
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
Turn over
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown in
the top left hand corner. If more than one paper reference isshown, you should write the one for
which you have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 6 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used.
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 116
Leave
blank
1. Two students, Peter and Kelly, ran an 800 metres race.
Before the race, when they were resting, Peter’s pulse rate was82 beats per minute and
Kelly’s was 70 beats per minute.
Just after the race, their teacher measured their pulse rates(beats per minute).
The teacher measured them again at 2 minute intervals.
The results are shown in the table below.
Time after race (minutes)
0 2 4 6 8
Peter’s pulse rate
(beats per minute)
120 100 91 86 83
Kelly’s pulse rate
(beats per minute)
100 82 73 70 70
Peter’s results are shown on the grid.
(a) On the same grid, draw a graph of Kelly’s results.
(3)
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
0 2 4 6 8 10
Peter
Time after the race in minutes
Pulse ratein beats per
minute
N230900 [Turn over117
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blank
(b) Recovery rate is one measure of fitness.
Explain how the graphs show that Kelly is probably fitter thanPeter.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 7 marks)
N230900 118
Leave
blank
2. Read the newspaper article and then answer the questions.
Environmentally ‘friendly herbicide’ found
Biologists working on The Great Barrier Reef off the coast ofAustralia
have discovered herbicides that are harmless to humans, otheranimals
and crops.
Greenhouse trials show that some substances in reef organismsstop
photosynthesis in weeds.
If field trials show the same results as the greenhouse trials,these
substances could be a new class of herbicide which kill weedswithout
damaging the environment or crops.
The biologists got the idea for their work because they noticedthat parts
of the reef had no plants. They found about 5000 separatesubstances in
the reef organisms. The biologists tested each substance for itseffect
until they found the substances they were looking for.
(a) Explain how the herbicides from reef organisms killweeds.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Farmers already use herbicides to kill weeds.
Suggest why herbicides from reef organisms are described as anew class.
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) Suggest why the first trials were carried out in agreenhouse rather than in a field.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(d) What observation gave the biologists the idea to do theresearch?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(e) Explain why it was important to test each of the 5000substances separately.
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
Ideas
N230900 [Turn over119
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blank
3. The diagram shows a root hair cell in the soil.
(a) Explain how the root hair cell takes up nitrate ions fromthe soil.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Gardeners dig soil to let more air into it. This increasesthe uptake of nitrate ions.
Explain why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
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4. The graph shows the change in the total length of hedgerowsin this country between 1940
and 1990.
Biodiversity refers to the number of different types of livingorganisms in a habitat.
Explain how the change in the total length of hedgerows affectsthe biodiversity of this habitat.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
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5. The diagram shows a section through the heart duringcontraction of the atria.
Describe the changes that occur in the heart which cause bloodto enter the arteries.
Refer to the action of the ventricles and the valves.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
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6. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease.
(a) Explain how it is possible to inherit cystic fibrosis eventhough neither parent suffers
from the disease.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) One symptom of cystic fibrosis is the production of too muchmucus in the lungs.
Explain why people suffering from cystic fibrosis are morevulnerable to lung infections
than non-sufferers.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
END
123
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’suse only1536/5C 1539/5CFor Team
Leader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
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1
2
3
4
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 5C
Chemistry B
[1539]Paper 5C
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
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Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown in
the top left hand corner. If more than one paper reference isshown, you should write the one for
which you have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 4 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used.
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 124
N230900 [Turn over125
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blank1. (a) Water is a covalent compound formed when hydrogenburns.
Write the balanced equation for the burning of hydrogen.
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(b) A small piece of sodium is dropped into a large beaker ofwater.
It reacts to form sodium hydroxide solution and a gas.
(i) Describe three things you would see.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Give the name of the gas formed by this reaction.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii) Use the periodic table provided to help you predict howthe reaction of caesium
with water would be different to the reaction of sodium withwater.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
N230900 126
Leave
blank(c) Sodium chloride is an ionic compound which dissolves inwater.
(i) Explain why sodium chloride solution conductselectricity.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Explain why solid sodium chloride does not conductelectricity.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 12 marks)
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2. The ancient Greeks first thought of the idea of atoms. Theyhad no experimental evidence
of atoms but they liked the idea. Between 1803 and 1808, JohnDalton worked out his
atomic theory. He used the results of his own experiments andthose of the French scientist
Antoine Lavoisier.
Dalton stated:
÷ every chemical element is made up of atoms.÷ the atoms of oneelement are different to those of all other elements.÷ all atoms ofa particular element are identical and have the same mass.÷chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements jointogether to form
molecules.
÷ atoms cannot be split.
(a) Why was John Dalton’s theory more scientific than that ofthe ancient Greeks?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) In 1811, Avogadro suggested that hydrogen gas containedmolecules made from two
hydrogen atoms joined together. Dalton would not accept thisidea. He asked “If two
hydrogen atoms in a container filled with this gas can clingtogether, why do not all
cling together and condense to a liquid?”
(i) What was Dalton suggesting?
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Explain, using a dot and cross diagram, why a hydrogenmolecule contains only
two hydrogen atoms.
(4)
(iii) In 1908, the scientists Wilhelm Ostwald and Ernst Machstill opposed the atomic
theory of matter. They were unwilling to accept purely indirectevidence.
Explain why the evidence for the existence of atoms wasindirect.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
Ideas
N230900 128
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3. Ammonia is made using the Haber process.
(a) The equation for the reversible reaction is:
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2 NH3 (g)When nitrogen and hydrogen formammonia, heat is evolved.
(i) How is the yield of ammonia affected by increasing thetemperature?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) How is the yield of ammonia affected by increasing thepressure?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) When the Haber process was first used, the hydrogen wasobtained by the electrolysis of
water. It is now cheaper to obtain hydrogen by heating methanewith steam rather than
by electrolysis.
Suggest why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) Most of the ammonia produced is reacted with acids to formfertilisers.
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of ammonia withsulfuric acid.
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
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blank
4. Two samples of rock from different parts of a volcanic islandhave the same chemical
composition but different crystal sizes.
(a) Explain why the rocks have different crystal sizes.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Analysis of another rock showed that it contains an oxide oftin in which 3.57 g of tin is
combined with 0.96 g of oxygen.
Show that the empirical formula of the tin oxide present in therock is SnO2.
(Relative atomic masses: O = 16, Sn = 119)
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
END
N230900 130
N230900 131
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number Signature
For Examiner’suse only1536/5P 1549/5PFor Team
Leader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
5
Science: Double Award B
[1536]Paper 5P
Physics B
[1549]Paper 5P
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
Turn over
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials, then write the correct paper reference for yourexamination. The paper reference is shown
below the boxes. If more than one paper reference is shown, youshould write the one for which you
have been entered.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 5 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used.
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 132
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blank
1. Nuclear power stations produce waste materials that areradioactive.
Rubber gloves and other items of protective clothing used innuclear power stations
are low level waste.
To dispose of them, they are sealed in glass insidecorrosion-resistant metal containers.
The containers are then buried deep underground. This is shownin the diagram.
(a) Scientists think that the waste material is safe if thereare three barriers separating it
from people. The glass and the metal containers are twobarriers.
What is the third barrier?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) After 100 years, the waste material is thought to present nodanger to people.
How does the activity of the waste change over a time span of100 years?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
N230900 133 [Turn over
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(c) How certain can scientists be that this method of disposalof radioactive waste materials
is safe? Give full reasons for your answer.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
N230900 134
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2. The diagram shows a metal wire placed in a magneticfield.
(a) Which arrow shows the direction of the magnetic force on thewire?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) In a d.c. motor, the forces on a coil of wire make itrotate.
The diagram shows a simple motor and the force acting on oneside of the coil of wire.
Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the force acting on theright-hand side of the coil
of wire.
(1)
(c) The current in the coil is reversed. Draw arrows on thediagram below to show the
forces now acting on the sides of the coil of wire.
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
N230900 135 [Turn over
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blank
3. The diagrams show what happens when light meets a glass-airboundary at different angles
of incidence.
(a) Describe what is happening to light in diagrams A and C.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(b) Complete the diagram to show how light passes through aprism in a cycle reflector.
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
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4. A hot air balloon is tied to the ground by two ropes.
The diagram shows the forces acting on the balloon.
The ropes are untied and the balloon starts to move upwards.
(a) Calculate the size of the unbalanced force acting on theballoon.
State the direction of this force.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) The mass of the balloon is 765 kg. Calculate the initialacceleration of the balloon.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
N230900 137 [Turn over
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(c) Explain how the acceleration of the balloon changes duringthe first ten seconds of its
flight.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(4)
(d) When the balloon is still accelerating, the balloonistthrows some bags of sand over the
side. Explain how this affects the acceleration of theballoon.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 11 marks)
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5. (a) An aircraft in flight becomes charged.
The aircraft tyres are made of rubber that conductselectricity.
Suggest what happens to the charge on the aircraft when itlands.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) The charge on an aircraft is 2.0 x 10–4
C.
It passes through the tyres in 0.5 s.
Calculate the current in the tyres when the charge is passingthrough them.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
TOTAL 30 MARKS
END
139
Paper Reference(s)
1529/06 1539/06 1549/06
Edexcel GCSEGCSE Science B
Specimen paperMaterials required for examination Items includedwith question papers
None None
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes on each of the answer books, write your centrenumber, candidate
number, surname and initials, the paper reference and yoursignature. If more than
one paper reference is shown, you should write the one for whichyou have been
entered.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided in the answerbooks.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
Candidates entered for 1529 Biology B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 6B.
It should be completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1539 Chemistry B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 6C.
It should be completed in 30 minutes.
Candidates entered for 1549 Physics B have one answer book tocomplete, Paper 6P.
It should be completed in 30 minutes
Thus candidates entered for a single separate science will have30 minutes of
examining time, for two separate sciences, 1 hour, and for allthree separate sciences,
1 hour 30 minutes.
Turn over
Printer’s Log No.
N230900 This publication may only be reproduced in accordancewith Edexcel copyright policy.Edexcel Foundation is a registeredcharity. © 2000 Edexcel
N230900 140
N230900 141
Centre Number Paper Reference Surname Initials
Candidate Number 1529/6B Signature
For Examiner’s
use only
1529/6B
For TeamLeader’s use
onlyEdexcel GCSE
Question
Number
Leave
Blank
1
2
3
4
Biology B [1529]
Paper 6B
HIGHER TIER
Specimen Paper
Time: 30 minutes N230900
Materials required for the examination Items included with thesequestion papers
None None
Total
Turn over
Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number,your signature, your surname and
initials.
The paper reference is shown below the boxes.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this book.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates
The marks for the various parts of questions are shown in roundbrackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 4 questions. There are no blank pages.
Advice to Candidates
This symbol shows where the quality of your written answer willalso be assessed.
This symbol shows where ideas and evidence are beingassessed.
Additional Answer Sheets may be used.
N230900
© 2000 Edexcel
This publication may only be reproduced in accordance withEdexcel copyright policy.
Edexcel Foundation is a registered charity.
Ideas
N230900 142
Leave
blank
QNKMN
large beaker
water
measuringcylinder
glass tubing
flask
solution and yeast
X
carbon dioxide
stopwatch
1. Eric investigated the fermentation of solution X by yeast atdifferent temperatures over a
24-hour period.
He used the apparatus shown below.
His results are shown on the table.
Temperature
(±±±±C)Volume of carbon dioxide
collected in 24 hrs (cm3)
Average volume of carbon dioxide
collected in 24 hrs(cm3)
10 25 28 28 27
20 58 65 66 63
30 99 108 102 …………..
(a) Calculate the average volume of carbon dioxide produced over24 hours at 30±C. Showyour working.
Answer …………..………cm3
(2)
N230900 143 Turn over
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(b) What is the advantage of calculating an average volume ofcarbon dioxide for each
temperature?
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) What do Eric’s results show about the relationship betweentemperature and the rate of
fermentation?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d) What would be the effect of a temperature of 0 ±C on therate of fermentation? Give areason for your answer.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
N230900 144
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HOW DOLLY THE
CLONE WAS
CREATED
Sheep A Sheep B
Cell taken fromudder of sheep and grown incultureinlaboratoryfor six days
A
Unfertilised eggtaken from sheep .Nucleus containingDNA removedfrom egg.
B
Cell from sheep fused with the empty eggby a spark ofelectricity.
A
Embryo resulting fromthe fusion transferredto the uterus ofsheep which acts as a surrogatemother.
C
Surrogate mothergives birth to ‘Dolly’.
Sheep C
Dolly
2. The diagram shows how scientists produced Dolly thesheep.
N230900 145 Turn over
Leave
blank
(a) (i) Dolly was produced with the help of an unfertilisedegg.
Where did the scientists get the DNA to put into this egg?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Suggest why it was important to remove the DNA from theunfertilised egg.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Dolly is genetically identical to another sheep in thediagram. Which one?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Give one way in which this method is different from thenormal method of sheep
reproduction.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) The production of Dolly was a significant advance inscientific work. The work may
result in animal clones being produced in large numbers.
Suggest why it is important that people are informed of newscientific advances.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
(d) Suggest one advantage of producing animal clones.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Ideas
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0 20 40 60 80
10
20
30
40
50
60
Concentrationof antibodiesin blood inarbitrary units
70
10 30 50 70 90 100 110 120 130 140
Time in weeks
3. A person was given two vaccinations of an inactivated virus.The graph shows the person’s
primary and secondary immune responses.
(a) Draw an arrow on the graph to show when the secondvaccination was given.
(1)
(b) Describe how proteins on the outside of inactivated virusesresult in the production of
antibodies.
.............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
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